Most people live in separate apartments and private properties. And often for each room it is necessary to solve one small but rather insidious problem: in an affordable, low-cost, but effective way to create an access point for connecting to the Internet. It would seem that the answer is obvious - purchase and configure a Wi-Fi router and forget about all the problems. However, wired Internet still remains the most common and reliable solution, because such a signal is much more stable. This leads to another problem - how to hide the Internet wiring? Usually it is mounted in walls and connected to sockets, although not of a completely standard type: they are called computer or simply Internet sockets.
What is an Internet socket
The main difference between an Internet outlet and a regular electrical outlet is that it has its own unique connector, which is connected to a special type of wiring called twisted pair. It is unique in that it contains 8 separate copper wires twisted together into 4 pairs. Thanks to this connection system, existing electromagnetic interference is leveled out, which ultimately ensures high data transfer rates (up to 1000 Mbit/s).
The Internet socket has a special connector to which a twisted pair cable is connected.
The response connector is called RJ-45/8p8c. It is mounted on the cable using a special tool, and the connector wires must be located in a strictly defined order.
The sequence of colors of wires connected to the connector contacts is determined by the standard diagram
Classification of Internet outlets
IT specialists classify Internet outlets according to their distinctive features:
Algorithm for laying Internet cables in walls
The most correct, but at the same time difficult to implement solution for laying an Internet cable in a home (office) environment is to install it inside the walls. The advantages of such wiring are obvious: the cable does not get tangled underfoot and does not affect the decorative design of the room. A significant disadvantage of in-wall installation is that in the future there may be problems with access to the cable for repair or maintenance. But with proper cable routing along grooves in a corrugated PVC pipe, you can not only minimize the risk of a malfunction, but also provide relatively easy access to the twisted pair without complex dismantling work.
Before you start laying the Internet cable, it is worth marking the places where it will be located. Remember that unshielded twisted pair cable is made of copper, which is very sensitive to electromagnetic interference. Try to keep the distance between computer and electrical wiring at least 50 cm.
How to pinout an RJ-45 cable
When crimping a twisted pair cable, you must adhere to a certain pinout (color scheme). There are two generally accepted connection standards.
To select the correct connection color scheme, it is worth contacting your Internet service provider and obtaining from them information about what scheme was used during the connection.
We carry out the work in the following order.
Video: RJ-45 pinout (four pairs)
Connecting RJ-45 with two twisted pair wires
A two-pair RJ-45 cable uses data transfer rates of up to 1 Gb/s.
The two-pair cable is connected to one side of the socket contacts
The pinout of a two-pair cable is the same as for a four-pair cable. Only instead of eight multi-colored wires, only four are switched: white-blue, blue, white-orange and orange. Then the cable is crimped, the socket is assembled and installed, and its functionality is checked.
Video: RJ-45 pinout (two pairs)
How to crimp an RJ-45 cable onto the contacts of an Internet socket
When pinouting the cable to the terminals of the Internet socket, you should crimp them. The performance of the Internet connection will depend on this. Based on a similar process for conventional electrical outlets, one would assume that crimping an Internet outlet is a similarly labor-intensive process involving removing the protection from each individual wire and then connecting them with bolts. In reality, everything is much simpler and faster. The contacts of an Internet cable are designed in such a way that when a conductor is firmly connected to them, they cut the insulating coating, resulting in contact with the copper core. Because of this, stripping each wire is not necessary.
Typically, an extractor is used to crimp socket contacts - a cross-connecting knife.. The work should be done carefully to avoid damage to the cable.
The cable is crimped into a computer socket using a cross-connecting knife.
Video: crimping an RJ-45 cable
Signal check, testing
After pinouting the Internet socket and the RJ-45 connector at the opposite end of the cable, you should make sure that the installed line is working. The test is best done with a special device called a cable tester.
It is better to check the functionality of the socket using a specialized device.
It consists of two parts - a signal generator that transmits short electrical pulses using encrypted codes, and a receiver that processes these codes. The generator connects to your router, and the receiver connects to an internet outlet.
After the transmission of electrical signals, they are compared. If all connections are working properly, two green LED lights on the generator and receiver housings light up sequentially. If there is a break somewhere on the cable or a short circuit is visible on the Internet outlet itself, then one or both LEDs will not light up at all.
Review of products from famous brands - manufacturers of Internet sockets
Without exception, all Internet sockets are divided into two large subgroups: mortise and external. The manufacturer usually only slightly changes the mechanism for attaching the socket to the wall, but the principle of connecting it to the Internet always remains the same. Let's look at the most common manufacturer brands.
Legrand
Internet sockets from the French manufacturer are not only one of the most popular, but also have one of the best cable retention mechanisms. The connection diagram for Legrand sockets does not differ from generally accepted standards. At the same time, any Internet outlet can be connected either by type A or type B. The color schemes for connection are located on the terminal of the outlet itself.
Pinout and connection of the Legrand socket is carried out according to the generally accepted scheme
Video: connecting a Legrand internet outlet
Viko ("Viko")
Viko sockets are cheaper than Legrand's, while their quality remains at a high level. The body is made of durable polymer materials, and the internal assembly is very ergonomic.
Viko sockets are an economical and high-quality solution
The only major difference from other manufacturers is that there are no hints on the terminal inside in the form of a color connection scheme. Therefore, pinouting should be done very carefully.
Video: connecting a Viko internet outlet
Lezard
Switches and sockets of the Lezard brand are produced by the Turkish company Dernek GROUP. They do not have any distinctive features.
The Lezard socket is connected and installed quite simply
Video: connecting a Lezard Internet outlet
Schneider (“Schneider”)
This outlet is connected in the same way as others. Often it can be double, then you will have to connect two cables from the router, since parallel connection is not supported by the network equipment.
The most common version of the Schneider socket has two outputs
Video: connecting a Schneider Internet outlet
Connecting an Internet network via cable is the most common method today. Wired Internet is still considered the most stable. For ease of connection, there are special sockets, thanks to which any cable can be hidden in the wall. This seemingly time-consuming task of connection and installation is actually solved relatively easily, without requiring the use of expensive tools. Therefore, anyone can connect an Internet outlet.
Thanks to Legrand, connecting a computer outlet is becoming increasingly simpler. This leading manufacturer of electrical and power equipment offers a wide range of sockets for network connections.
Thanks to this, you can organize a wired Internet access point in any place convenient for you, and the attractive appearance of such outlets will allow them to fit seamlessly into the design of any room.
Due to the huge range of products manufactured by Legrand, the computer socket and connection diagram may vary somewhat. Here, a lot depends on the type of outlet, some features of installation, connection and its fastening.
And if we add here a variety of design solutions, a rich range of colors and types of materials used to make sockets, then the range becomes truly comprehensive. Let's first try to understand at least the basic criteria for choosing computer sockets.
So:
- First of all, you should pay attention to the category of information outlet. The Legrand company produces sockets of categories 5e and 6. At the moment, the release of sockets of category 6a has already been announced, but they are not yet presented on our market.
- Let's look at the differences between these categories. Category 5e sockets are designed to transmit data with frequencies up to 100 MHz, and category 6 sockets up to 250 MHz. If we talk about data transfer speeds, category 5e sockets are capable of transmitting up to 1 Gbit/s, and category 6 sockets are capable of transmitting up to 10 Gbit/s. Considering the speed of development of information technology, it is advisable to use category 6 sockets, despite the fact that their price is slightly higher.
- The next quite important parameter is the type of cable for which the information socket is intended. In most cases, this is a UTP cable type, but the Legrand computer socket and connection diagram can also be designed for STP or FTP cables. This type of cable can only be used for category 6 outlets.
Note! The cable designation can be done in accordance with ISO/IEC 11801. In this case, the cable will be designated U/UTP, F/UTP or S/UTP, respectively. In addition, various additional modifications of these cables can be used.
- UTP cable is a regular cable with twisted pairs, without shielding. If there is a braided screen, the cable is designated STP, and if regular foil is used as a screen, the cable is designated FTP. In addition, there are various modifications with braiding and foil of both the cable as a whole and individual cores.
- Another factor that our instructions advise you to pay attention to is the method of fastening and mounting the connector itself. In addition to conventional connectors, an increasing number of models are equipped with quick-installation connectors. We will describe the features of connecting sockets of this type below, and you can choose a model that is more convenient for you.
Note! Sockets with LCS 2 connectors are now available. They are available only in category 6 sockets and are intended for fiber optic networks. As planned, the same connectors will be installed on category 6a models.
- Another parameter that we advise you to pay attention to when choosing is the method of attaching the connector directly to the box. This can be a clamp or screw fastening. Of course, it is easier to mount models with clamp fasteners with your own hands, but I personally have doubts about their reliability and durability. Therefore, I advise using sockets with screw fastening.
- Well, the last parameter is the number of connectors installed in one mounting box. This can be a product with 1 or 2 connectors. And here you can choose the model that best suits your needs.
Connecting Legrand information sockets
Now we come to the most important question. How to connect a Legrand computer socket and connect computer sockets in general?
To do this, let's first look at the general principles of connecting information cables, and then the specifics of connecting them to different types of connectors.
General principles for connecting information sockets
Almost all modern local networks use the RJ-45 connector for connections. Although the official name of this connector is 8Р8С, which in the abbreviation means: 8 positions, 8 contacts.
To connect sockets and connectors of this type, a twisted pair cable is used, which has a strictly standardized color designation for each core. Based on this color designation, the connection is made.
So:
- At the moment, there are two generally accepted connection standards: TIA/EIA-568A and TIA/EIA-568B. The difference between them is the location of the wires.
- For the TIA/EIA-568A standard, a green-white wire is connected to the first pin of the connector, then in ascending order: green, orange-white, blue, blue-white, orange, brown-white and brown. This connection method has become somewhat less widespread.
- For the TIA/EIA-568B standard, the wire rotation is as follows: orange-white, orange, green-white, blue, blue-white, orange, brown-white, brown. This type of connection is used much more often.
Connecting the Legrand socket connector
The connection diagram for a Legrand computer socket is no different from generally accepted standards. In this case, any outlet can be connected according to both standards. The corresponding color designation is available on the surface of the connector.
- First of all, we need to get to the connector. Different models may require you to disassemble the socket, but in most you can get to the connector without additional effort.
- Open the cover covering the contact part. To do this, using a screwdriver, insert it into the cable socket and pry the cover up.
- Now we cut the cable and lay the cable cores according to the color markings on the connector cover.
- Close the top cover with force. During this, the cable cores are crimped and reliable contact is ensured. After this, you can trim off the excess cable cores protruding beyond the cover.
- After this, you need to install the information socket in the socket and secure it with screws. The socket is ready for use.
Connector connection: quick installation
Connecting a Legrand computer socket with a connector - quick installation - is somewhat different. But this feature lies only in the installation method, and the connection diagram remains standard. At the same time, the connector is color-coded for both types of connection, which allows you to perform it even without having specific knowledge.
- On the back of the Legrand computer socket there are two white latches, by turning them counterclockwise, we can remove the connector.
- The connector is placed on the cable. After this, the cable should be cut and the cores connected according to the color marking. The protruding parts of the cores can be cut off.
- Now we install the connector in place and turn it clockwise with a little force. During this, the cable is crimped and securely fixed.
- Now we install the socket in the seat and secure it with screws. That's it, the socket is ready for use.
Conclusion
Now you know how to select and connect a computer socket. As you can see, this is quite simple to do. And the video on our website will make this task even easier. After all, such a simple procedure will greatly facilitate connecting to a wired Internet network and will allow you to hide and unify the wiring throughout the house as much as possible.
Despite the fact that wireless communications are developing quite quickly, the UTP socket is still in great demand. After all, this product is a mandatory element in the structured cabling system of a modern building. The socket itself is referred to among experts as RJ-45; its versatility allows you to connect UTP twisted pair cables without unnecessary devices. Moreover, you can install such a unit yourself.
Short description
Externally, the RJ-45 computer socket most closely resembles a standard RJ-11 telephone device. The main difference between these two devices is that the number of connector pins has been reduced from eight to four. Therefore, a computer socket can also be used for a telephone, but not vice versa.
Depending on the model, the final unit may differ from its analogues in small characteristics, but the entire design concept remains the same. Professionals say that The quality of an outlet is determined by three main points:
It is the exact number of ports that is considered the main indicator of such a device. Most often there are no more than four. If the user plans to connect many more devices, then he will need an additional patch panel. It is worth noting that the purchase of such a device can only indicate that the master did not provide for all the nuances at the stage of network wiring.
A large number of installed patch cords can cause a lot of inconvenience. For high-quality arrangement of a home or office LAN, you can use two-unit modules.
The installation method of this switching unit depends on the version of the socket. Experts have provided two proven methods:
- For indoor installation.
- Outdoor installation.
The choice of one option or another depends on the method of laying the LAN cable. If it is external (for example: the wire is placed in special boxes), then only external sockets will be useful in the work. If the master chose hidden wiring, then the internal fixtures will look more impressive and neat.
Separately, it is worth noting that the RJ-45 network socket is sometimes installed directly on the box itself. In technical terms, such a design can be considered both external and internal. In addition, the performance characteristics are completely independent of the design of the LAN.
The fact which category it belongs to depends on the characteristics of the cable. Its demand is due to its wide bandwidth, since this indicator affects the data transfer speed, as well as the possibility of using special high-quality Internet technologies. Craftsmen always have a table for this case, which clearly shows the relationship between the category of the outlet and the bandwidth.
The development of modern information technologies has influenced the fact that during LAN installation, cables lower than UTP 5e are practically never used anywhere. To ensure that the result of the manipulations fully meets all expectations, it is necessary that the category of the outlet be no less than that of the wire connected to it. Otherwise, there is a high probability that the data transfer speed will be reduced several times.
Design Features
The professional connection of an RJ-45 socket may differ in external or internal type. Each option has its own advantages and disadvantages. The main positive characteristics of internal installation include compactness and hidden cable routing. In addition, the product itself will be reliably protected from any mechanical influences.
There are practically no disadvantages to the internal installation, the only thing is that if necessary, the user will not be able to move the outlet to another location, and the installation process itself is always accompanied by certain repair work. In this regard, the most popular today are overhead models R-45 cat 5e.
The modification of each device differs in the total number of connected users. Each model is designed to connect one, two or more wires. Depending on the chosen installation scheme, the master can use both single-sided and pass-through sockets.
Pinout principle
A high-quality connection of a twisted pair cable to an outlet is only possible if the technician correctly pinouts the wires. There should be no problems with this task, since opposite each contact group the manufacturers have provided special color markings that fully comply with all established standards. Regardless of which option the master decides to use, the main task is that it be of the same type for the LAN. Otherwise, certain problems may arise.
Many people believe that in Russia everyone “crimps” the wire according to the T568 V type, but this statement is very conditional. It's easiest when the user knows which standard his provider uses. You can determine this yourself by looking at the pinout of the connector that is installed on the cable introduced into the apartment.
Connector crimping instructions
You need to start by choosing professional tools that will be useful for installing twisted pair sockets. Certainly, It's better to buy a quality extractor, which allows you to quickly press in and cut off the remainder of the unnecessary wire with one touch of your hand. The Chinese equivalent of such a tool costs about $5. Advertised models can cost three or even five times more.
The extractor is equipped with a universal mechanism that allows you to quickly and efficiently press the wire between two contact knives, cutting off all excess. In addition to this, the unit is equipped with a flat-head screwdriver and a small hook, which is designed to carefully remove the wire if it is improperly terminated.
During work, universal pliers will definitely come in handy for carefully removing the insulating layer. Their cost is almost the same as that of the extractor. This tool works great with UTP, FTP, STP cables. In addition, the user can independently adjust the depth of the cut. Experts do not recommend using a regular kitchen knife to remove insulation, as the risk of damage to one of the wires increases significantly.
When the selection of tools is completed, you can safely proceed to the main algorithm for embedding a twisted pair cable into a switching device. The example will be given based on the assumption that the main cable has already been laid and the outlet space has been prepared. The action plan is as follows:
It is worth noting that you can meet craftsmen who recommend using a regular stationery knife instead of a professional tool. This method is only permissible when you urgently need access to the Internet, but there is no extractor available. But at the first opportunity, such a socket will need to be clamped, since the contact of the wire with the latch will still be broken.
When the twisted pair is pressed in, the module must be installed in its original place. If the socket is of an external configuration, then its base must be screwed to a pre-prepared platform. As a result, the cable should be routed from above, and the connector along the contour from below. If the socket is internal, then its base is mounted in a special glass and then fixed.
All that remains is to screw on the front panel and check the functionality of the device. This can be done with a professional tester, but it is much easier to connect a computer. If there is no network connection, then the first thing you should do is check the pinout is correct, since in 99% of all cases this is the problem.
Installation of a hidden socket
Novice craftsmen often have difficulties with how to properly disassemble such a computer device. While connecting all the conductors, it is necessary to gradually reach the main part - a small housing (usually plastic or ceramic), where miniature contacts are located. It is to this plate that all conductors are connected, and then the housing is assembled. The thing is that different manufacturers carry out this procedure differently.
For example, the well-known brand Legrand produces sockets in which the main connectors are hidden behind the front cover. Having removed this part, the master comes across a white plastic impeller, which contains a small arrow. The impeller must be carefully turned in the direction of the arrow, after which access to the housing and contact plate will open. It is on it that multi-colored conductor markings are applied. The final connection is practically no different from a standard socket, the only thing is that initially you need to thread a twisted pair into the hole on the plate, and only then align the wires.
No less popular today is the Lezard brand, which produces computer sockets using a different design. The metal frame and front panel are fixed with small bolts that can be easily unscrewed. The main internal contact plate is secured with special clamps. When assembling and disassembling such sockets, you need to know that some contacts can only be pressed out with a screwdriver.
But to remove the contact group from the housing, you need to carefully press on the top latch. After these manipulations, the master will have a small box in his hands. To connect the twisted pair, you must remove the plastic cover that presses the conductors. Since the plastic in this place is quite elastic, the effort must be significant. All that remains is to separate the wires according to the markings applied on the product.
When it is decided to use a shielded cable, then you need to select the appropriate socket, where the connection of such a product is pre-provisioned. Otherwise, the screen will turn into a huge antenna, which will negatively affect the bandwidth and speed of the Internet. It is for this same reason that you should not buy an FTP cable if it is not intended to connect powerful ungrounded equipment.
To fully use high-quality LAN technologies based on twisted pair, it is necessary to equip entire lines. Twisting and soldering in this case are simply unacceptable, as this is fraught with serious losses in speed. In cases where there is a need to extend a certain section of cable, you need to use only special connectors. This device is presented in the form of a small box in which a powerful board with two RJ-45 connectors is mounted. Some models may have twisted-pair latches, like sockets.
You should not buy products with a large number of ports for domestic use. Numerous patch cords that are installed in one place will certainly begin to get tangled, causing users some discomfort. It is best to make several outlets at different distances.
Access to the Internet has long become commonplace for modern people. To simultaneously use the World Wide Web with several gadgets, of course, one router providing wireless Wi-Fi is sufficient, but to connect it you need to install an Internet socket. In this article we will tell you about connecting an Internet outlet and look at step-by-step instructions.
This procedure differs from installing a conventional connector, because the design of the device is different and the principle of its operation has nothing to do with a 220V power supply point. However, having the necessary information and skills in working with electrical appliances, the user will be able to carry out the installation himself.
Design features of the Internet socket
The described products are passive network equipment designed for switching devices to local networks using special disconnectors. Like regular sockets, devices for Internet connection, called RJ-45, can be external (surface), installed on top of a plane, and internal (mortise), mounted inside the wall.
Internal socket for Internet connection, painted in dark colorThe main components of a computer connector are:
- front side – which is a decorative panel with a socket for patch cords;
- the reverse (internal) part is essentially a terminal block with contacts for wires from the Internet cable.
A twisted pair network cable is inserted into the socket, which contains four twists of two wires each. They are divided into eight conductors with different colors.
Appearance and internal structure of a twisted pair Internet cable Each conductor is connected to the corresponding contact of the socket according to a specific diagram. This connection is called cross-connection. Its implementation is described in more detail in the next section. Wires come in two-pair and four-pair types. The former are used in networks where signal transmission occurs at a speed of less than 1 Gb/s. But in our high-speed age, everything is changing quickly and the data flow on the World Wide Web can very soon reach values of several gigabytes per second. Therefore, it is better to use four-pair products designed for speeds up to 10 Gb/sec to avoid later rework.
Installation and connection of a power outlet
The twisted pair wire is laid in a cable channel or covered with a plinth. The free end is led out through the socket box (when installing a mortise model) or is left uncovered (if an overhead version is mounted). Its length is left sufficient to carry out the necessary work. 7-8 cm is removed from the very edge and the outer shell is removed from this area. The conductor pairs unwind, separate and straighten. Further steps are given in the instructions.
Step-by-step instructions for connecting RJ-45 with a four-pair wire
- Crimp the wires in the socket terminals according to the selected option (the color of the wire matches the color of the contact). For example, as shown in the picture, from left to right: brown, white-brown, green, white-green, orange, white-orange, blue, white-blue. It is better to consider the procedure for crimping in a separate paragraph of this publication.
- Secure the wire with a clamp and carry out a preliminary check of signal transmission through the connector. To do this, connect the connector from your tablet, laptop or mobile phone to the disassembled device and make sure there is a connection to the Internet.
- Trim excess wires. Assemble the socket by connecting both parts. Fix it on the wall or in it (depending on the type of design) just like a regular electrical point.
Upon completion, you must again check the functionality of the already assembled device by connecting a laptop or other gadget. Read also the article: → "".
Connecting RJ-45 with two twisted pair wires
Preparatory actions in this case are carried out exactly as in the previous version. The only difference can be considered the connection itself. Instead of eight conductors, the four present in the wire are switched. The contacts corresponding to the color of the wires and corresponding to the selected scheme “A” or “B” are used. After this, the product is crimped, assembled and installed, and signal transmission is checked.
An example of crossing an Internet cable with two twisted pairs in an RJ-45 socket Practical advice: Remember that two twisted pair wires are used to transfer data at speeds up to 1 Gb/sec. As the speed of the Internet signal increases, the wire will have to be replaced and all connections made on it will also have to be replaced.
Crimping wires on socket contacts
As stated above. When connecting wires to the terminals of the device, it is necessary to crimp them. The quality of operation of the entire system will depend on this procedure. There is no need to think that you need to scrupulously remove the sheath from each wire and then connect it to a bolted connection, as happens in conventional electrical sockets. The contacts of system connectors are designed in such a way that when the conductor is inserted tightly onto them, they cut the insulating coating and provide switching with the copper conductor. There is no need to strip thin wires.
Such a high-quality and reliable connection is achieved when the wire enters the contact terminal all the way. You can use a knife or thin screwdriver for this. But you must act extremely carefully so as not to damage the wire. Read also the article: → "".
Crimping the wires on the socket terminals is an important condition for high-quality switching Review of products from famous brands - manufacturers of Internet sockets
The famous trademarks Legrand, VIKO, Lezard, Schneider enjoy well-deserved authority in the world market. The products of these companies are of high quality and reliability, thanks to which they have gained popularity among consumers. Some products from different manufacturers have differences in the internal structure, but they are only visual, and the connection principle remains unchanged - cross-connection in compliance with the color scheme and correct crimping of wires in the terminal block.
RJ-45 sockets from Schneider have covers that perform a crimp function To be able to conduct a comparative analysis, users are invited to familiarize themselves with the price values for products of the listed brands
| Brand name | State | Product Description | price, rub. |
| Legrand Valena | France | Internet socket RJ-45 for two sockets | 820 |
| Lezard | Türkiye | // | 697 |
| Schneider | France | // | 780 |
| VIKO | Türkiye | // | 296 |
The indicated prices demonstrate the average market cost of products and cannot reflect the full picture of the price segment of numerous models. The information is provided as an example and cannot be used as an information base. Each company has in its assortment products that represent a budget option, as well as premium products designed for buyers with a high level of income.
Connecting a connector to connect a computer to an outlet: step-by-step instructions
To connect a laptop to an Internet outlet, you must have a power cord equipped at both ends with connectors - adapter devices that provide connection to an RJ-45 socket. The connector is crossed onto a wire with four twisted pairs according to the color schemes suggested in the figure:
Color scheme for cross-connecting the RJ-45 connector according to options “B” and “A” The process of installing a device on a wire can be presented in the form of step-by-step instructions:
- The wire at the end is freed from the protective sheath, after which the twisted pair conductors are untwisted and aligned
- The wires are distributed according to the colors indicated on the corresponding color scheme and cut to the same length - 10-12 mm
- Having placed the conductors close to each other, they are all inserted into the connector together, after which the correctness of their location is again checked
- A crimping tool is used to crimp the wires into the connector.
If a crimping tool is not available, crimping can be done using a thin flathead screwdriver. To do this, use a screwdriver to press one by one on each of the contacts of the device so that it clamps the conductor located in it all the way. At the same time, the built-in microknife will cut through the insulation of the wiring and ensure reliable switching. The cross-connection diagram of the Internet wire on the connector must correspond to the diagram in the socketR.J.-45. Otherwise, connection to the World Wide Web will not be available..
Other connector connection diagrams
In addition to connecting the computer to the Internet connector, you may need a cord to connect the computer to another computer. In this case, the cross-connection will be different at different ends of the wire. Also, do not forget about the 2-pair wire, which is also often used for connections.
Twisted pair crimping diagrams for different connections with 4 and 2 pair wires The color schemes shown in the figure will help you cross wires for different connection options. Read also the article: → "".
Common mistakes when installing computer connectors
The most common mistakes when installing sockets and connectors are associated with inattention to the distribution of wires by color.
Error 1. The computer socket is installed independently according to option “B”, and the connecting cord is purchased together with the gadget or separately, but already assembled. The user begins to connect without checking. The mistake is that the wire can be mounted according to scheme “A”, in this case there will be no connection. Before use, you must ensure that the connector is cross-linked appropriately.
Error 2. To ensure good contact, the user tries to strip the twisted pair wiring with a knife. The mistake is that it is a waste of time and effort. Signal transmission from such procedures will not improve. Correct crimping will ensure fast switching and reliable contact
Error 3. Leaving too long a free end of the wire when installing a socket. The error will be detected only after connecting the wire, while attaching the device to the wall or inside the wall. If the length of the cable does not allow it to be placed in the socket box, then the entire connection procedure will have to be repeated again, after shortening it. Therefore, you should not leave a large piece of cord - 15-20 cm is enough.
Error 4. Using a low-quality product from a dubious manufacturer. Installing an Internet outlet is one of those issues that arises quite rarely. It is for this reason that you should not save and jeopardize the use of global network resources. It is better to purchase a high-quality device from a well-known manufacturer. The same applies to cables.
Practical advice: If the user has no idea about working with sockets and wires, it is better not to try to install and connect them yourself. It is recommended to use the services of specialists who will do everything competently and quickly.
In conclusion, I would like to note that the Internet is an outstanding achievement of modern civilization. The attitude towards the possibility of access to this resource must be responsible. Properly performed work on installing a computer socket and cord with connectors will ensure high-quality and reliable communication with the global information system.
To connect a computer to the Internet, a wire called twisted pair is used. To connect it, you need to first prepare the ends of the cable. More precisely, put special connectors on them that can already be connected to a computer or router.
Sometimes you need to install Internet cables around your home or office. In this case, special sockets are placed at the end of the twisted pair. This article will discuss methods for installing Internet sockets, as well as the basic rules for crimping an RJ-45 connector and connecting a twisted pair cable.
Its second name is patch cord. This is a small transparent plastic connector, which is like a “plug” for the sockets of network cards, routers, switches and other communication devices.
Depending on what the cable will be connected to, there are two types of switching:
- Straight. For connecting a computer's network card with a router/switch.
- Cross. For connecting two computers directly, as well as switches, routers or hubs.
To use a specific type of switching, the wire is crimped on both sides. The cable itself consists of several color cores, which are inserted into the patch cord in a certain order. This order determines the functional load of the cable.
IMPORTANT: Usually the provider company runs the wire into the apartment. In this case, it is not always possible to see how it is crimped into the junction box. If you decide to install the RJ-45 connector yourself, you should first check with those. company support, how the cable was initially crimped into the junction box.
Internet cable connection diagram by color
So, a twisted pair consists of 8 strands of wires. Each core is insulated with a specific color. Let's list all the colors:
- Brown.
- Blue.
- Green.
- Orange.
- Brown and white.
- Blue and white.
- Green-white.
- Orange-white.
Now let's move on to the RJ-45 connector itself. The patch cord also contains 8 contacts (pins), to which the twisted pair wires are connected. Depending on the sequence in which the wires are inserted, the functionality of the wire changes. The order of installation of cores into the connector is also called “pinout”.
If you look at the connector from below so that the latch is facing the floor and the copper contacts are facing the person, it turns out that the contacts will be arranged in order from 1 to 8 from right to left. It is important not to mix up the order!
Based on this, the color connection diagram looks like this:
- Orange-white.
- Orange.
- Green-white.
- Blue.
- Blue and white.
- Green.
- Brown and white.
- Brown.
Both ends of the connector are crimped according to this pattern.
Reverse (for cross connection). One end of the twisted pair is crimped as in a straight circuit. The second one is connected in the following sequence:
- Green-white.
- Green.
- Orange-white.
- Brown and white.
- Brown.
- Orange.
- Blue.
- Blue and white.
To connect the wire, it is advisable to have a special tool on hand and also have minimal wiring skills.
INFORMATION: If there are many twisted pair wires in an apartment or office at once, and they are all connected in different ways, it is worth marking the wires with reverse commutation. This will make cable management easier in the future.
Crimping a twisted pair cable into a connector
To crimp a twisted pair you will need:
- Two RJ-45 connectors.
- Special crimping scissors - crimper.
Let's consider a step-by-step algorithm for crimping a wire:
- One end of the twisted pair is stripped of external insulation using a crimper. To do this, insert it into the round hole of the scissors, about 1-5 cm, and remove the outer rubber layer of the wire. This action is similar to stripping insulation from electrical wiring.
- We unravel and align the wires according to the switching diagram. Align the wires in length. It is important that each wire is the same size. Then carefully insert the wires into the 8 micro-holes on the crimper and remove the insulation from them.
- We insert the bare wires according to the color scheme into the patch cord. At the same time, do not forget about the pinout of the connector. We check again that each core is in its proper contact. It is important that several wires do not go onto one pin!
- Carefully install the connector into the rectangular hole of the crimper and squeeze the handles of the scissors.
- We take out the crimped wire.
This is the correct way to crimp the cable. However, there are also homemade methods for installing the connector.
How to crimp a twisted pair cable without a crimper
Not every home has crimping scissors. It is, rather, a professional tool that does not find its way into everyday life. Most often, their crimper is at hand, so you have to work with what you have in the house.
So, for home installation of an RJ-45 connector we will need:
- Sharp knife.
- Small straight screwdriver.
The sequence of actions is exactly the same as when working with crimping scissors. Only removing all the insulation from the wires will be done with a knife, and clamping the wires with a screwdriver.
It is necessary to very carefully press each wire in the connector. To do this, it is best to fix the patch cord in a vice and hold the twisted pair with your free hand. The core is clamped with a copper pin tongue. It is secured with a small screwdriver.
Checking the connection
It is worth checking all patch cords for reliability. There are three main ways:
- Connecting the finished wire to the network to check its functionality. At the same time, the data transfer speed and network response are checked.
- Checking the wire for bending and rolling. In this case, the connector is slightly bent from the wire or rocked from side to side. A properly crimped twisted pair will prevent the patch cord from dangling, the connector will not bend too much, and all wire strands will remain in place.
- Check with a multimeter. One of the most reliable methods that can be used as a diagnostic method for the entire cable. Ringing each core of the same color from both ends of the twisted pair will allow you to determine whether the wire is broken, as well as the quality of signal transmission on it based on the resistance of the wire.
The listed methods allow you to fully evaluate the quality of switching.
Having dealt with twisted pair crimping, let's move on to the main topic of the article - connecting a socket to a twisted pair cable.
Installing an internet outlet
A twisted pair socket allows you to hide all unnecessary wires in the wall, and leave an Internet connection on its surface in any room. The entire installation process can be divided into several stages:
- Design and distribution of switching nodes (sockets) throughout the apartment or office.
- Connecting the Internet cable to the sockets. Breaking through grooves and connectors for switching.
- Laying cables and installing sockets.
This procedure is suitable for installing different types of sockets. Let's look at the different types of connections in order.
Wall socket
The external socket is shaped like old telephone nodes. These are small plastic boxes with a cable entry on one side and a wire socket on the other. Let's consider the installation algorithm for this node:
- Installing a plastic footrest with a terminal block on the wall.
- Inserting a twisted pair into a socket. It is necessary to wire the wire with a margin of approximately 10-15 cm, in case the initial connection is incorrect.
- Stripping twisted pair cores.
- Connecting the cores to the terminal box according to the color scheme. Usually, each socket contains tips on how to connect wires to the terminal block. It is necessary to carefully distribute the wires by color and lower each of them into the clamping hole. Please note that it is not necessary to remove the insulation from the cores when performing this operation. It is cut through by the internal mechanism of the terminal block. When the wire is successfully installed, you will hear a characteristic click.
- After connecting the wires, you can close the socket with a plastic casing.
USEFUL: If you do not hear a click, you can install the core all the way using a small screwdriver. Carefully lower the wire down to the bottom of the terminal block base until it touches the copper contact.
Internal socket
Installing an internal wall outlet is no different from installing a regular electrical outlet. In this case, the switching inside the device is identical to the connection of the conductors in the wall unit. The difference may only lie in the technical design of the terminal blocks and internal clamping devices of individual manufacturers.
ATTENTION: To carefully disassemble the socket and not break anything, carefully read the user instructions. It indicates the complete algorithm for assembling/disassembling the unit.
Conclusion
Installing a wall socket is a simple task. The main thing is not to confuse the color scheme and act carefully and without haste. Do not insert too short wires into the assembly. Check the quality of the network connection before installing the socket into the wall.
